The efficiency of the central heating system is significantly influenced by the correct distribution of the heating medium to individual receivers in the house: traditional radiators, surface heating, and in the case of a mixed system - both radiators and underfloor heating. The use of a distributor supports effective heat distribution in the installation. In this article, we explain how radiator distributors work and what is the best place to install them. We are also looking at the use of manifolds in hybrid systems, i.e. those based on both underfloor heating and radiators.
Check out radiator distributors at the Onninen wholesaler
Application and use of distributors for radiators with underfloor heating
Manifolds are specialized devices that enable effective heat diversification, temperature regulation in rooms and flexible separation of systems. Available on the market are:
- installation distributors - easy to install, most often found in residential buildings, used both in installations with traditional radiators and in underfloor heating, ensuring division into a sufficient number of circuits in most homes (approx. 10);
- boiler manifolds – generally installed in boiler rooms and heat distribution centers.
Radiator distributors are used in central heating installations with traditional radiators. Such a manifold has two beams: one supply and one return, as well as regulating and shut-off valves. It allows you to create several to even a dozen heating loops.
However, underfloor heating installations require the connection of special manifolds for surface heating, equipped with control valves and a flow meter (on the supply beam), which measures the height of the water stream in a given heating loop. The underfloor manifold allows you to connect a special thermostatic head, which can be controlled by automation.
The use of both radiators and underfloor heating in the central heating system (so-called mixed system) requires the installation of mixed manifolds. These are unique structures that combine the functionality of both types described earlier:
- with a pump mixer with a thermostatic head on the underfloor heating side;
- with inserts for thermostatic valves on the supply beam and shut-off valves on the return beam on the central heating side
Connecting the distributor allows for smooth cooperation of radiators with surface heating and simplifies installation work. It is then possible to supply both systems with water at different temperatures. The water flow is optimally adjusted. Combined with modern automation, you can actually reduce heating costs and significantly improve thermal comfort.
The principle of operation of radiator distributors
The radiator distributor is the "heart" of the heating system, responsible for the distribution of water to all loops, which translates into the efficiency, economy and comfort of operation of the installation. Each distributor is equipped with:
- beams generally made of brass or stainless steel, less often of plastic,
- thermostatic valves that ensure automatic regulation of system operation,
- flow meters that are responsible for regulating water flow,
- air vents, which are used to bleed the system,
- valves supplying and discharging the heating medium,
- reducing nipples for connecting beam and pipe.
The distributor operates by adjusting the circulation so that the same temperature is maintained in each heating loop. Flow meters measure the values in individual loops and adjust the flow.
Effective bleeding of radiators with a distributor
Air trapped in radiators is a common problem in houses and apartments, especially at the beginning of the heating season. Ignoring the problem will reduce the efficiency of the entire installation, which may have a serious impact on heating bills and lead to the gradual destruction of system components. Therefore, when choosing a distributor for radiators , it is worth paying attention to the vent and drain mechanism, which allows excess air to be removed from the heating pipes.
On the market you can find manifolds equipped with automatic air vents and manual air vents. The first solution is, of course, more convenient. When too much air accumulates in the radiator, the pressure inside the automatic air vent will change, which will cause the internal valve to open, release excess air and automatically close the valve again. Water will not leak from the installation.
Using distributors for radiators in a mixed system
Manifolds are standard in mixed (hybrid) systems combining underfloor heating with traditional radiators. Distributor:
- ensures even heat distribution throughout the entire installation and individual rooms;
- is responsible for maintaining the desired temperature in each heating loop;
- connects heating circuits, zones and radiators to create one perfectly integrated system.
Equipping a mixed heating installation with a distributor allows, thanks to a thermostatic valve connected to the underfloor heating, to use cold water and mix it with hot water that flows to the radiators, and then let it into the underfloor heating.
Where should the radiator distributor be installed?
Manifolds are installed in dedicated cabinets, usually at a height of approx. 40-50 cm above the floor level, which supports proper venting of the installation. The connections should have the shortest possible path to the radiators. The compact designs of modern distributors take up a minimum of space. It is best to consult a specialist about the location of the distributor.
Manifolds for radiators in the Onninen wholesaler
In the Onninen hydraulic and electrical wholesaler, you will find a wide range of manifolds intended for surface heating and surface-radiator installations. These are modern, durable structures, equipped with beams, handles, valves and venting and draining mechanisms. We cooperate only with renowned manufacturers and suppliers of surface heating elements. Our best-selling solution is the VESBO Premium brass distributor - manufactured in Poland, already assembled, i.e. ready to be attached to the cabinet. The material (brass type CW617N) guarantees maximum durability and operational reliability. Our assortment includes brass distributors for connecting from 2 to even 12 circuits.